SA Journal of Diabetes & Vascular Disease: Vol 1, Issue 2, September 2004

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SAJDVD: VOLUME 1, ISSUE 2, SEPTEMBER 2004

Title: Insulin resistance : editorial
Authors: Maritz, Frans J.
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 1, Issue 2, Sep / Oct
Published: 2004
Pages: p.53-55
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Title: Epidemiological aspects in South Africa : editorial
Authors: Mollentze, W.F.
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 1, Issue 2, Sep / Oct
Published: 2004
Pages: p.55-56
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Title: Type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease : the two sides of the same coin : conference report
Authors: Distiller, Larry A.
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 1, Issue 2, Sep / Oct
Published: 2004
Pages: p.59-61
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Title: Diabetes and the QT interval : time for debate : review
Authors: Kumar, Rajeev; Fisher, Miles; MacFarlane, Peter W.
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 1, Issue 2, Sep / Oct
Published: 2004
Pages: p.62-66
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Abstract: The electrocardiographic QT interval has been extensively studied in ischaemic heart disease. Recently, there has been increasing interest in the relationship between diabetes and QT abnormalities. QT prolongation and increased QTd have been shown to predict cardiac death in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although there is general agreement that QT interval is affected by cardiac ischaemia, the effect of hyperglycaemia on QT measures is controversial. There are also problems surrounding QTd. First, there is controversy as to whether the measure has any physiological meaning; secondly, there is no universally accepted method of measurement and hence no consensus about the upper limit of normal. Nevertheless, several studies have shown increased QTd in diabetic patients suggesting that assessment of the QT interval could be a cost effective way of stratifying such patients according to cardiovascular risk so that aggressive treatment could be directed appropriately to improve outcome.
Title: Use of nicotinic acid in patients with elevated fasting glucose, diabetes, or metabolic syndrome : review
Authors: McGovern, Mark E.
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 1, Issue 2, Sep / Oct
Published: 2004
Pages: p.67-74
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Abstract: This paper will focus on the use of nicotinic acid as a therapeutic option for cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with abnormal glucose metabolism and 'atherogenic dyslipidaemia'. This is characterised by low levels of HDL-C, high triglycerides, and preponderance of small, dense LDL particles. Whilst nicotinic acid may increase plasma glucose in some patients, more recent studies show that the effect of nicotinic acid on glycaemic control is minimal in the majority of patients, and that nicotinic acid decreases the risk of cardiac events in patients with elevated fasting glucose, diabetes, or metabolic syndrome.
Title: Forthcoming events
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 1, Issue 2, Sep / Oct
Published: 2004
Pages: p.74
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Title: Real gains but practical limitations to glycaemic control with insulin in type 2 diabetes : achieving best practice
Authors: Gardner, Stephen; Dunachie, Susanna J.; Levy, Jonathan C.
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 1, Issue 2, Sep / Oct
Published: 2004
Pages: p.75-79
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Abstract: Background : Insulin is increasingly used for type 2 diabetes when oral therapy is inadequate. We have examined the results in unselected patients in a UK hospital diabetes clinic.
Methods : Clinical database records from 1994 to 2002 were analysed for anthropomorphic data, blood pressure, HbA1C and plasma cholesterol in type 2 diabetic patients starting insulin therapy.
Results In 335 patients, HbA1C at four years correlated positively with HbA1C before starting insulin (r=0.31, p<0.01) and negatively correlated with age at the time of starting insulin (r=-0.19, p<0.01). In two cohorts changed to insulin therapy before and after publication of the results of the UKPDS (1998), HbA1C improved in the first year, with little subsequent change over four years, while weight continued to rise. The later cohort had a significantly greater reduction in HbA1C (p=0.001). Even in this group, only 21.6% of patients achieved HbA1C < 7.5%.
Conclusions In a UK diabetes clinic, insulin therapy for type 2 diabetes improved glycaemic control in the first year, but not thereafter, while weight gain continued in subsequent years. Tighter targets may have promoted improved results.
Title: Useful online resources for diabetes healthcare professionals
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 1, Issue 2, Sep / Oct
Published: 2004
Pages: p.79
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Title: What are the clinical manifestations of cardiovascular disease in diabetes? Ten year analysis from a clinic based population : healthcare management
Authors: Stephens, Jeffrey W.; Humphries, Steve E.; Cooper, Jacqueline A.; Hurel, Steven J.
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 1, Issue 2, Sep / Oct
Published: 2004
Pages: p.80-84
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Abstract: Aims : Cardiovascular disease may manifest as CHD, PVD and CbVD. Our aim was to explore these interactions and associated risk factors.
Methods : Patients were identified who attended clinic in 1990-1991 and remained under follow-up in 2000-2001. The latter were categorised by the presence/absence of manifest CHD, PVD and CbVD. Baseline clinic measurements (1990-1991) were studied in relation to CVD manifestations.
Results : Seven hundred and ninety-eight (CVD:358) patients were identified with follow-up. Of those with CVD: 51% had CHD, 14% PVD, and 9% CbVD exclusively. A further 17% had CHD+PVD, 4% CHD+CbVD, 2% PVD+CbVD, while 3% of patients had all three manifestations together. Increasing age, LDL-cholesterol and glucose were associated with increased risk of CHD, PVD and CbVD.
Conclusions : The majority of diabetic patients with CVD have CHD (75%), and only 3% have a combination of CHD, PVD and CbVD.
Title: Discovering diabetes : achieving target blood glucose control through a behavioural approach to insulin and food self-management : healthcare management
Authors: Brackenridge, Betty; Swenson, Kris
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 1, Issue 2, Sep / Oct
Published: 2004
Pages: p.85-88
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Abstract: Physiological approaches to diabetes therapy can make excellent control possible while protecting patients' lifestyle choices. This paper describes a diabetes programme that employs a teaching method which promotes patient-centred values while pursuing optimal metabolic control. Discovery learning is an experience and inquiry-based method of instruction. It is used in the programme described herein to guide individuals with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes to make informed self-care decisions such as 'writing their own diets', and adjusting insulin doses, if appropriate, based on their blood glucose results and experience.
Title: INITIATE study shows improved blood glucose-lowering effect of NovoMix(R) 30 compared to insulin glargine : drug trends in diabetes
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 1, Issue 2, Sep / Oct
Published: 2004
Pages: p.66
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Title: Metformin offers protection against cardiovascular complications : drug trends in diabetes
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 1, Issue 2, Sep / Oct
Published: 2004
Pages: p.91
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Title: Targeting post-prandial hyperglycaemia improves overall glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes : drug trends in diabetes
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 1, Issue 2, Sep / Oct
Published: 2004
Pages: p.91
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Title: INVEST study adds important data for clinical practice in newonset diabetes : drug trends in diabetes
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 1, Issue 2, Sep / Oct
Published: 2004
Pages: p.92
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Title: Pioglitazone combination treatment increases lipoprotein particle size in patients with type 2 diabetes : drug trends in diabetes
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 1, Issue 2, Sep / Oct
Published: 2004
Pages: p.92
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Title: ACTION with nifedipine GITS (Adalat XL) provides evidence for safety and improved outcome in angina patients : drug trends in diabetes
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 1, Issue 2, Sep / Oct
Published: 2004
Pages: p.94-95
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Title: Better compliance leads to better control in type 2 diabetics : drug trends in diabetes
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 1, Issue 2, Sep / Oct
Published: 2004
Pages: p.96
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Title: Diabion adds extra protection for diabetic patients : drug trends in diabetes
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 1, Issue 2, Sep / Oct
Published: 2004
Pages: p.96
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