SA Journal of Diabetes & Vascular Disease: Vol 2, Issue 3, November 2005

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SAJDVD: VOLUME 2, ISSUE 3, NOVEMBER 2005

Title: Tight glycaemic control : the key to improving the management of type 2 diabetes : editorial
Authors: Alberti, George
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 2, Issue 3, Oct / Nov
Published: 2005
Pages: p.103-104
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Title: Of adiposity, inflammation and new treatments for type 2 diabetes : editorial
Authors: Distiller, Larry A.
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 2, Issue 3, Oct / Nov
Published: 2005
Pages: p.106-108
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Title: Insulin secretion : function and therapy of pancreatic beta-cells in diabetes : review
Authors: Rorsman, Patrik
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 2, Issue 3, Oct / Nov
Published: 2005
Pages: p.109-113
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Abstract: Insulin is secreted from the beta-cells of the pancreatic islets in response to an elevation of blood glucose concentration. This review describes a current view of the metabolic control of insulin secretion and the molecular mechanisms involved, including the role played by the beta-cell to ensure correct release of insulin as a result of electrical signals. It then considers what goes wrong in type 2 diabetes, a disease resulting from insufficient insulin secretion. It focuses on the influence of genetics exploring the theory of a genetic predisposition to type 2 diabetes, as well as the roles played by age and obesity. Finally, the mode of action of the hypoglycaemic sulphonylureas is discussed and the potential implications for the beta-cell associated with a sulphonylurea-based therapy.
Title: Dual blockade of the renin angiotensin system in diabetes - rationale and risks : review
Authors: Kumar, Rajeev; Winocour, Peter H.
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 2, Issue 3, Oct / Nov
Published: 2005
Pages: p.114-119
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Abstract: Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of end stage renal failure (ESRF) in the developed world and as the incidence of diabetes increases this trend will continue, although most of these patients will die of cardiovascular diseases. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is believed to play a central role in the development and progression of both micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes and blocking this system in diabetic patients is critically important. Two widely used inhibitors of RAS are angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). These drugs affect the system at different levels and thus may have an additive effect. Use of drugs from one class may not be completely effective in blocking this system for several reasons. In this article we discuss issues surrounding the use of dual blockade (i.e. the use of ARB and ACE inhibitors together in patients with diabetic nephropathy responding insufficiently to previous antihypertensive treatment including either ARB or ACE inhibitors) in patients with diabetes.
Title: Should all diabetic patients receive aspirin? Results from recent trials : commentary
Authors: Barwell, Nick; Marshall, Gillian; McDougall, Claire; Brady, Adrian J.B.; Fisher, Miles
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 2, Issue 3, Oct / Nov
Published: 2005
Pages: p.120-125
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Abstract: A therosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) is common in patients with diabetes, and antiplatelet therapy has been the cornerstone of preventative therapy for many years. The majority of the evidence for the use of aspirin in patients with diabetes comes from subgroup analysis of major secondary prevention trials. Secondary prevention data from the Antiplatelet Trialist's Collaboration meta-analysis suggests that the benefit derived from aspirin is similar in diabetic and non-diabetic populations. In the general population, data from primary prevention studies have shown the benefit of aspirin in terms of cardiovascular mortality, but there is little evidence to suggest that aspirin is beneficial in terms of total or cardiovascular mortality for primary prevention in a diabetic population. Clopidogrel may have advantages over aspirin and combined therapy may be superior for certain types of coronary artery disease and stroke, although this is offset by an increased risk of haemorrhage in the latter setting. The use of aspirin in the prevention of CVD in patients with diabetes should therefore be focused on those with a history of vascular events or aggressively treated hypertension.
Title: Pioglitazone - an oral antidiabetic agent and metabolic syndrome modulator. Can theory translate into practice? : healthcare management
Authors: Campbell, Ian W.
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 2, Issue 3, Oct / Nov
Published: 2005
Pages: p.128-135
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Abstract: The metabolic syndrome, associated with insulin resistance, is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors which results in premature morbidity and mortality from atherosclerotic vascular disease. Pioglitazone, a peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARg) agonist, is an insulin sensitiser with the ability to address key features of the metabolic syndrome: glucose intolerance including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, the pro-coagulant state, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and atherosclerosis. The greatest potential benefit of pioglitazone is to influence atherogenesis itself through its pleiotrophic effects on vascular risk factors. This has been tested by the PROactive study, results of which are published in September 2005.
Title: PROactive study shows reduced heart attacks and strokes in type 2 diabetics on pioglitazone HCI (Actos(R)) therapy : drug trends in diabetes
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 2, Issue 3, Oct / Nov
Published: 2005
Pages: p.136-137
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Title: Comments from South African specialists
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 2, Issue 3, Oct / Nov
Published: 2005
Pages: p.138
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Title: 1st scientific meeting of the International Society of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Ulm, Germany, 11-13 May 2006
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 2, Issue 3, Oct / Nov
Published: 2005
Pages: p.138
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Title: Opportunities to improve risk factor control in type 2 diabetes and reduce cardiovascular events : drug trends in diabetes
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 2, Issue 3, Oct / Nov
Published: 2005
Pages: p.139-140
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Title: 19th World Diabetes Congress, Cape Town, International Convention Centre, 3-7 December 2006
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 2, Issue 3, Oct / Nov
Published: 2005
Pages: p.140
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Title: OneTouch(R) Ultra(R) rates best meter! : drug trends in diabetes
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 2, Issue 3, Oct / Nov
Published: 2005
Pages: p.141
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Title: Humalog(R) Mix50(TM) for type 2 diabetics who require insulin and tighter glycaemic control : drug trends in diabetes
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 2, Issue 3, Oct / Nov
Published: 2005
Pages: p.142, 144
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Title: Three-quarters of diabetic patients achieve ADA glycaemic targets with NovoMix(R) 30 : drug trends in diabetes
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 2, Issue 3, Oct / Nov
Published: 2005
Pages: p.144
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Title: Benefits of short- and long-acting analogues stressed at EASD 2005 : drug trends in diabetes
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 2, Issue 3, Oct / Nov
Published: 2005
Pages: p.146-147
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Title: Metformin still recommended as first-choice treatment in type 2 diabetes: based on cardioprotective benefits : drug trends in diabetes
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 2, Issue 3, Oct / Nov
Published: 2005
Pages: p.148-150
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Title: Improvement in early chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) on oral administration of red vine leaf extract (Venavine) : drug trends in diabetes
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 2, Issue 3, Oct / Nov
Published: 2005
Pages: p.151
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Title: South African journalist wins the Novo Nordisk Media Prize :diabetes news
From: South African Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease, Vol 2, Issue 3, Oct / Nov
Published: 2005
Pages: p.152
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