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RESEARCH ARTICLE
SA JOURNAL OF DIABETES & VASCULAR DISEASE
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VOLUME 15 NUMBER 1 • JULY 2018
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Single blood test accurately diagnoses diabetes
A
combination of elevated fasting
glucose and HbA
1c
levels from a single
blood sample was found to be accurate
for diagnosing diabetes. This is significant
because current guidelines state that a
second blood test, conducted a separate
point in time, is requited to confirm a
diagnosis of diabetes.
Glucose has been the standardmeasure
of diagnosis of diabetes and current
guidelines recommend repeated testing
to confirm an elevated fasting glucose or
haemoglobin A
1c
level. Whether glucose
and HbA
1c
from a single point in time
can be used in combination to diagnosis
diabetes has been uncertain.
Researchers from Johns Hopkins
Bloomberg School of Public Health
evaluated a single fasting blood sample
for 12 268 participants without diagnosed
diabetes enrolled in theAtherosclerosis Risk
in Communities (ARIC) study to determine
the prognostic value of a single-sample
confirmatory definition of undiagnosed
diabetes. Patients in the ARIC study were
enrolled between 1987 and 1989 with
25 years of follow up for incident diabetes,
cardiovascular outcomes, kidney disease
and mortality.
The researchers found that a single
fasting blood sample showing both
elevated glucose and HbA
1c
levels was
strongly predictive of a subsequent
diagnosis of diabetes (almost everyone
meeting the definition eventually
developed diabetes) and was also strongly
associated with complications of diabetes
(cardiovascular disease, kidney disease,
peripheral artery disease and mortality).
According to the researchers, this
new approach to diagnosis could prove
useful in clinical practice because it would
eliminate the need for a second patient
visit for a second blood draw and because
the HbA
1c
test result could be used to
guide treatment.
Source: Medical Brief 2018