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VOLUME 11 NUMBER 4 • NOVEMBER 2014
REVIEW
SA JOURNAL OF DIABETES & VASCULAR DISEASE
25 years.
38
The international trend of poor diet and lack of exercise
in children is leading to an epidemic of obesity, with the early onset
of HTN and even type 2 diabetes. The early recognition of HTN in
these adolescents will be an important motivation for both children
and parents to institute important lifestyle changes.
HIV/AIDS
There are an estimated 5.8 million people living with HIV in South
Africa. The co-existence of HIV with HTN and diabetes is increasing,
and patients should be screened for associated glomerulonephritis.
39
Prolonged highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is associated
with a higher prevalence of systolic HPT,
40
and it is essential that BP
is monitored in patients receiving HAART.
Two of the three major classes of antiretroviral drug, the protease
inhibitors and the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors,
are involved in many drug interactions by inhibiting or inducing
the key hepatic enzyme system, cytochrome P450. CCBs are the
major class of antihypertensives affected by such drug interactions,
leading to inhibition or induction of their metabolism.
41,42
This results
in either an enhanced or loss of antihypertensive efficacy.
Disclaimer
This national clinical guideline is a reference and educational
document. The SAHS accepts no responsibility or liability arising
from any information contained in or any error of omission from
the protocol or from the use of any information contained in it.
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