VOLUME 11 NUMBER 3 • SEPTEMBER 2014
119
SA JOURNAL OF DIABETES & VASCULAR DISEASE
REVIEW
Available evidence suggests that some herbal extracts interfere
with the concentrating and diluting mechanisms of tubular transport
processes in the proximal and distal tubules and/or on other
components of tubular cell membranes. Therefore we speculate
that oleanolic acid influences renal fluid and electrolyte handling
by altering the structural integrity and function of tubular epithelial
cells to affect reabsorption and secretion. Modification of risk factors
in diabetes has an impressive impact on morbidity and mortality in
diabetic patients. An overview of some of some medicinal plants
currently used in diabetic hypertension and kidney disease, together
with the possible mechanism(s) is summarised in Table 1.
Conclusion
We describe the therapeutic and pharmacological evidence in
support of some of the medicinal plant extracts used in the
management of hypertension and kidney disease in diabetes
mellitus. Some of these medicinal plant extracts are a potential
source of anti-diabetic drugs because of their therapeutic efficacy
and anti-diabetic mechanisms reported in experimental animals.
However, at present, the cellular/molecular mechanisms of action
of these plant extracts remain to be established.
Future researchdirectedat the identificationof active components
is the only viable option for supporting the efficacy claims for all
herbs. In the absence of such standardisation, health practitioners
and consumers alike should remain optimistic but wary. Research
funding to investigate potentially beneficial effects of medicinal
plants is critically important for optimal patient care and safety.
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